Countries, economies and regions

The mining industry drives Mongolia's economy with mineral resources and mining, including of copper, gold and coal, providing about 20 per cent of GDP and around 90 per cent of exports. A well-managed mining sector and resources sector is therefore key to realising economic growth and a reduction in poverty.

The Syria conflict crisis remains one of the largest humanitarian and security crises facing the world today. In 2025, the United Nations estimates that 16.7 million people, including 7.5 million children require humanitarian assistance. Key issues include access to shelter, water, food, education, and economic opportunities.

The Republic of Yemen is an Arab country occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea to the south, and Oman to the north-east. Of Yemen's 200 islands, the largest is Socotra, about 354 km to the south of mainland Yemen.

The State of Qatar occupies an 11,600 square kilometre peninsula on the northeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula.

Oman has a population of 4.6 million (2023). Foreign expatriates are estimated to make up to 40 per cent of the population. Administratively, Oman is divided into six regions.