INDONESIA

1. The following is a summary of the debate in Security Council
two meetings Tuesday and one today 18th. [1]

2. Representatives of Australia, India, Netherlands, Philippines,
Republic of Indonesia and Members of the Good Offices Committee
were invited to sit.

3. THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMITTEE, GRAHAM, made a long statement
giving a broad historical perspective of the Netherlands Indies
and Republic which included a few points bearing indirectly on the
present issues viz: many difficulties remained-recognition of
status of the Republic as a Party-quality of Indonesian leaders.

4. THE AUSTRALIAN MEMBER OF THE COMMITTEE, JUDGE KIRBY. The
Security Council should be kept fully informed in order to assist
in resolving difficulties. Committee should make and publish
suggestions to the Parties. The Security Council should endorse
this. Disadvantages of the truce demarcation line to the Republic.

Emphasis on the fact that the truce is without prejudice and
necessity for the Committee and Security Council to ensure that
parties will not be prejudiced. Necessity for carrying out
principle of freedom of speech without any delay. In general, the
Committee's hand must be strengthened.

5. VAN KLEFFENS (NETHERLANDS). Restoration of safety and peaceful
conditions was the first requisite. Some 'unruly elements who
preferred unsettled social conditions' remain. The Queen's
broadcast 'Colonialism is dead' quoted. [2] Political agreement
will take some time to negotiate. Inhabitants must themselves
decide the status of their territories-'We have not and never have
had any intention of [3] new political entities, but neither do we
wish to stifle popular movement reflecting what lives in the mind
of the people'. Made reservation in regard to Judge Kirby's
suggestion of changed procedure to effect that changes should not
go so far as to change nature of Committee.

6. SASTROAMIJOJO (INDONESIA). Renville not in all respects
satisfactory to the Republic but the Republic's policy is peace in
accord with principles of United Nations. Desirable that the
Committee have more authority. Dutch pressure, military,
administrative or economic, should be removed, e.g. the blockade.

Desirable that Committee have power of supervision of plebiscites.

7. VAN ZEELAND (BELGIAN MEMBER OF COMMITTEE). Spoke mainly in
platitudes of the atmosphere in which Committee worked and of
paramount need for proper spirit in the further negotiations.

Recognised there would be difficulties of interpretation and
implementation. Appealed to Parties to act speedily.

8. FORSYTH (AUSTRALIA).Renville principles good but no more than
an approach to a just settlement. Renewed disagreements to be
expected. Committee should be able to make positive suggestions
which would in cases be more effective if made publicly. Desire
for speed should not obscure or prejudice right of parties and
aspirations of peoples. Importance of Committee's function of
keeping people informed. It would be unjust and inconsistent with
the Renville [Agreement] if the status of the Republic as a Party
not fully preserved during negotiations. The duty of the United
Nations to assure itself democratic processes in fact used in
elections and plebiscites. Republic a symbol of aspirations. Its
position must not be subject to attrition. It would be
inconsistent with Renville to set up new States during
negotiations in the very area which is the subject of the
contemplated political agreement. Control of trade a most
contentious issue. Desirability of resumption of trade both
internal and external and necessity that rights and interests of
parties be preserved in this. Foreign representation of the
Republic must at some stage be adjusted to future status.

Meanwhile the ground of establishment of foreign representation
remains effective. Disadvantages of the truce to the Republic and
reliance of the Republic on the Security Council. Need for more
positive functions for Committee.

9. LANGENHOVE (BELGIUM). Refer[red] to earlier doubts as to
competence of the Security Council and emphasised the need for
prudence. Australian member's suggestion of new procedure should
be left to the Committee. The character of the Committee should
not be changed. Referred to objectives of Article 73 of the
Charter [4] and emphasised responsibility of the Netherlands.

Indonesian aspirations best realised in co-operation with
Netherlands.

10. All statements on Tuesday which are summarised above approved
with varying degrees of satisfaction work of Committee and
Renville terms.

11. On Wednesday Gromyko (Soviet) made a long speech (about 75
minutes) criticising the Committee and Renville truce and
principles. The following salient points are from rough notes
subject to amplification when verbatim is available.

Dutch 'aggression' against Indonesian people. Some members of the
Security Council have never intended that the Council should stop
real aggression. The Consular Commission helped the Netherlands
because component countries sympathised. The 'so called' Committee
of Good Offices not in substance a Committee of the Security
Council. The dispute is not settled at all, the report is one-
sided. The Committee did not consult the Security Council and work
was determined by policies of the three member Governments. The
Committee failed to help the Republic when it requested assistance
to end the blockade which was strangling republicans. Criticised
omission from annexes of reports of observers on Madura and
Rawahgedeh. [5] The Dutch used the Committee as an instrument of
pressure on the Indonesians and to convey ultimatum to them. The
Truce line suited the Dutch because main objectives secured. Use
of military personnel as civil police confirms the Dutch claim
that the attack on Indonesians was 'police action'. Political
principles favourable to the Netherlands only. Adoption of the
federation means that the Dutch plan has been forced on the
Indonesians, the principal means of establishing Dutch domination
for the future. Signature of the Agreement by Committee a betrayal
of people of Indonesia done in the name of the United Nations but
contradicts United Nations principles concerning dependent
peoples. The result is due to United States economic interest in
the Indies and the fact that Britain and France and Belgium are
Colonial Powers.

Gromyko made no positive proposal at this stage but it is thought
he may have in mind proposing that the Security Council set up a
Commission instead of the Commission of Good Offices to handle the
whole Indonesian Question.