National Statements

Item 2 General Debate, delivered by Special Envoy the Hon Mark Dreyfus KC MP – 7 September 2026

Human rights are under attack.

Restrictions on civic space and human rights defenders are increasing, including in Russia, China, Myanmar, Belarus, DPRK, Iran, Afghanistan, and Nicaragua.

Transnational repression continues to grow.

The climate crisis is impacting the human rights of those most vulnerable, especially in the Pacific.

We remain gravely concerned by ongoing human rights violations, including forced labour, in Xinjiang and Tibet, the erosion of rights and freedoms in Hong Kong, and the human rights implications of China's Ethnic Unity Law.

And we see ongoing violations and abuses of human rights of Palestinians.

Australia is committed to protecting and promoting human rights.

As the scourge of antisemitism and Islamophobia continues to rise, Australia remains committed to combating hatred in all its forms.

We are driving efforts for the global abolition of the death penalty and to combat discrimination and violence, including against LGBTQIA+ people, people with disability, children and older persons.

We will continue to press for an end to the oppression of women's and girls' rights and sexual and gender-based violence, including in Iran, Afghanistan and Sudan.

We must all do more to safeguard human rights.

Interactive Dialogue on the Fact-Finding Mission's report for Sudan – 7 September 2026

Thank you.

Australia is appalled by the findings of the latest report of the independent international fact-finding mission for the Sudan. It paints a catastrophic picture of the conflict with dire consequences for civilians, particularly women and children.

Escalating violence in Kordofan, including El Obeid, and the deteriorating human rights situation are of grave concern. Advanced drones used by the Rapid Support Forces and Sudanese Armed Forces is enabling precision attacks, degrading essential services and worsening the humanitarian crisis. Strikes on healthcare and maternity facilities are unacceptable. Women and girls face widespread and systematic sexual and gender-based violence

We are deeply alarmed by continued reports of war crimes, crimes against humanity and a persistent disregard for international humanitarian law and international human rights law in Sudan.

Australia remains concerned by reports of external support for the conflict. Australia urges all parties to de-escalate, protect civilians, facilitate full, safe, rapid and unimpeded humanitarian access and ensure the protection of humanitarian personnel in accordance with international humanitarian law.

We ask: what further steps can the international community take to protect Sudanese civilians?

Enhanced Interactive Dialogue on the reports of the High Commissioner and of the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar on the situation of human rights of Rohingya Muslims and other minorities in Myanmar – 7 September 2026

We thank the High Commissioner and the Mechanism for their reports.

Last month marked nine years since the Myanmar military launched targeted attacks against Rohingya communities in Rakhine State.

Australia remains deeply concerned by the escalating violence and worsening humanitarian situation across Myanmar.

The conflict is intensifying, destroying more civilian lives and infrastructure. Human rights violations and abuses are increasing, including systematic sexual and gender-based violence, forced recruitment and torture.

More than one million Rohingya have been displaced, many being driven into dangerous maritime ventures by desperate conditions, with increasing deaths at sea.

Australia stands with the Rohingya people and supports their rights, including for their return to Myanmar, as citizens, in a safe, voluntary, dignified and sustainable way.

Australia has committed over AUD$1.26 billion in assistance since 2017 – our largest humanitarian response globally.

But humanitarian access in Myanmar is constrained and threats to humanitarian personnel are increasing.

Displaced Rohingya in Bangladesh are almost entirely reliant on diminishing assistance. They wish to earn their own livelihood, contribute to society, and gain skills to rebuild their futures in Myanmar.

How do we maintain support to those suffering given deteriorating humanitarian access in Myanmar?

Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Afghanistan – 7 September 2026

Thank you

Australia remains gravely concerned by the Taliban's systematic repression of human rights.

Since its return to power five years ago, the Taliban has consistently demonstrated contempt for human rights and fundamental freedoms, targeting ethnic and religious minorities, LGBTIQIA+ persons, civil society actors and women and girls.

Through over 100 edicts, the Taliban has sought to erase women and girls from public life – restricting their rights, including related to their education, employment, healthcare and movement.

The Taliban has also weaponised Afghanistan's justice system—entrenching gender-based discrimination in law, policy, and practice, and interfering in the delivery of humanitarian assistance to those most in need.

Australia is unwavering in its condemnation of the Taliban. This is why we sanctioned senior Taliban under Australia's autonomous sanctions framework for Afghanistan. Australia, together with international partners, is also taking legal action against Afghanistan under the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.

We must remain resolute in holding the Taliban to account for its human rights abuses.

Special Rapporteur, what further steps can we take to hold the Taliban to account for its human rights abuses, including against children and youth?

Interactive Dialogue with the Independent Expert on the human rights of older persons – 9 September 2026

Thank you.

Australia remains unequivocal – human rights apply equally to all people.

However, older persons remain vulnerable despite being rights-holders entitled to dignity, autonomy, equality and participation in decisions that affect their lives. This includes those who experience cognitive impairment.

We welcome the Independent Expert's report, shedding much needed light on the discrimination, loss of rights, and abuse that older persons with cognitive impairment too often face.

Australia co-sponsored the UN resolution mandating treaty negotiations towards a new United Nations convention on the rights of older persons and is actively participating in negotiations. The Convention will seek to correct gaps in existing human rights frameworks, address ageism and age-based discrimination and consider older persons with cognitive decline.

We are committed to ensuring the voices of older persons and civil society are at the centre of the conversation on the rights of older persons.

How do we ensure this convention promotes and protects the human rights of older persons including those with cognitive impairment?

Panel on promoting and protecting economic, social and cultural rights within the context of addressing inequalities, delivered by New Zealand on behalf of CANZ – 9 September 2026

Mr President,

I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of Australia, Canada and my own country New Zealand.

All human rights, including economic, social and cultural rights, are fundamental to building resilient and prosperous societies. They are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated, and apply to all without discrimination. One set of rights cannot be fully enjoyed without the other.

The universal enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights faces persistent challenges. These include conflict and humanitarian crises, weak governance and discrimination against marginalised groups.

States bear the primary responsibility for fulfilling all human rights. Effective implementation of economic, social and cultural rights requires practical solutions and measurable outcomes, the full, equal and meaningful participation of all sectors of society, as well as evidence-based decision-making. Good governance and effective institutions are also vital.

UN human rights mechanisms are key to supporting States to fulfil these rights, through technical assistance and capacity building, and in holding States to account. We call for predictable and sustainable funding for the human rights pillar, and encourage States to support efficiency and rationalisation efforts at the Human Rights Council.

International cooperation remains critical to strengthening the realisation of economic, social and cultural rights for all. We welcome continued dialogue to improve outcomes and strengthen accountability.

Thank you.

Interactive Dialogue with the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention – 15 September 2026

Australia thanks the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention for its report.

We appreciate the Working Group's constructive engagement with Australian governments, recognising the shared responsibilities within Australia's federal system of government.

We also appreciate the individuals who shared their lived experiences, and thank the civil society stakeholders who engaged, with the Working Group during its visit and in doing so contribute to the advancement of human rights in Australia.

Australia is committed to the protection and promotion of human rights and welcomes the Working Group's report as an opportunity to build on the strengths of Australia's criminal justice system and democratic institutions.

These institutions support outcomes that uphold the rule of law, are fair, effective, humane and consistent with Australia's international human rights obligations.

Australia notes the Working Group's recognition of the many strengths and developments within our legal and detention systems, including safeguards in police custody, access to legal assistance, specialist Indigenous sentencing courts, justice reinvestment and community-based justice initiatives.

Australia acknowledges concerns raised by the Working Group, including observations regarding the overrepresentation of Indigenous Peoples in detention, youth justice, immigration detention, and the rights of people with disability.

Australia recognises that overrepresentation is driven by intersecting and systemic factors, including intergenerational trauma, the impacts of colonisation and the forced removal of children, racism, dispossession, and entrenched socioeconomic disadvantage.

These complex and systemic issues, together with the tragedy of deaths in custody, remain matters of profound concern.

Australian governments are partnering with Indigenous communities and Indigenous organisations through the National Agreement on Closing the Gap to deliver meaningful justice reform.

This includes strengthening accountability, investing in prevention and early intervention programs, and supporting community-led approaches to address the underlying drivers of adult and youth incarceration.

Across jurisdictions, governments are implementing a range of measures to improve outcomes for children and young people in contact with the justice system. These measures include expanding diversion and rehabilitation programs, community-based alternatives to detention, family and therapeutic supports, and targeted investment in culturally responsive approaches.

Governments are also taking action to strengthen protections for people in custody and detention, including measures to prevent sexual violence, improve independent oversight and accountability, and expand access to support. These efforts contribute to safer custodial environments while supporting community safety, effective justice outcomes and individual wellbeing.

Australia is also advancing protections for people with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities through therapeutic and less restrictive approaches, tighter safeguards on the use of restraint and seclusion, and national reforms to improve access to justice and reduce the risk of indefinite detention for persons unfit to plead or not guilty by reason of cognitive or mental health impairment.

Alongside these efforts, Australia continues to safeguard human rights within the immigration detention system.

Immigration detention plays an important role in Australia's migration system, supporting status determination, visa outcomes and, where appropriate, the departure of non-citizens from Australia.

Wherever possible, non-citizens are accommodated in the community or in less restrictive forms of detention, with the duration and conditions of immigration detention subject to regular review.

Australia reinforces immigration safeguards and accountability through a range of mechanisms and policies, including robust oversight and legal, administrative and welfare reforms.

While challenges remain, Australian governments continue to advance human rights protections through review and reform to strengthen Australia's legal and policy frameworks in response to community expectations, emerging challenges and constructive international scrutiny.

Australia will continue to consider the Working Group's recommendations and will report, through the Working Group's follow-up procedures, on relevant developments and measures taken.

Thank you.

Interactive Dialogue on the High Commissioner's analytical report on the human rights of women and children in conflict and post-conflict situations – 15 September 2026

Australia thanks the High Commissioner for his report.

Australia is a champion of the Women, Peace and Security agenda. We are committed to promoting and protecting the human rights of women and children in conflict and post-conflict settings through our National Action Plan. A survivor-centred approach is essential for promoting and protecting human rights.

Australia drives this work through our flagship partnership with the Gender Justice Practitioner Hub, which addresses impunity by facilitating gender-responsive accountability for conflict-related crimes.

Australia has sanctioned four senior Taliban officials for their ongoing abuses of the human rights of women and girls under our world-first sanctions framework. Alongside Canada, Germany and the Netherlands, Australia has also taken unprecedented legal action against Afghanistan for violations, under the Taliban, of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.

With rising conflict, Australia is ensuring life-saving humanitarian assistance reaches those who need it most, including women and girls.

High Commissioner, how can we ensure consultation with women and girls translates to action to achieve survivor-centred justice?

Interactive Dialogue on the Report of the High Commissioner on the situation of human rights in Nicaragua – 21 September 2026

Thank you.

Australian remains deeply concerned by the continued deterioration of human rights in Nicaragua.

Australia continues to call on Nicaraguan authorities to stop targeting human rights defenders, journalists, and clergy with arrest, harassment, and intimidation. Australia is deeply troubled by the death in custody of Indigenous leader and human rights defender Brooklyn Rivera. Australia calls for a thorough investigation into his death and urges the release of all political prisoners.

Nicaragua persists in using repression of political opponents to maintain power. President Ortega's recent statement that Nicaragua would no longer hold elections continues the dismantling of democratic principles and institutions in Nicaragua. The Nicaraguan people must be allowed to choose their government freely and fairly, in accordance with international human rights law.

The Australian Government calls on the Nicaraguan government to uphold its international human rights obligations, restore democratic guarantees, and create the conditions for meaningful political participation, peaceful dissent, and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.

How can the international community support the establishment of conditions for meaningful political participation?

Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Russia – 21 September 2026

Australia thanks the Special Rapporteur for her report.

Australia is gravely concerned by the rapidly deteriorating human rights situation in Russia. We are troubled that Russia's repression increasingly extends beyond its borders.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine demonstrates its contempt for human rights. We call on Russia to end its aggression, withdraw from Ukraine, and comply with international law, including its obligations concerning prisoners of war and forcibly transferred Ukrainian children.

We condemn Russia's silencing of political opponents, civil society organisations, human rights defenders, independent media and other dissenting voices.

Australia is deeply concerned by new laws targeting critics in exile. These measures threaten access to property, banking, employment, identity documents and consular services, heightening the risk of transnational repression.

We remain alarmed by Russia's persecution of LGBTQIA+ people and religious and ethnic minorities, as well as its continued dismantling of independent civil society.

Australia supports the renewal of the Special Rapporteur's mandate and recognises its essential role in independently documenting human rights violations and supporting accountability.

Special Rapporteur, what more can the international community do to support those who defend human rights and democratic freedoms in Russia, and protect those targeted by repression abroad?

Interactive Dialogue with the Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine – 21 September 2026

Australia conveys its appreciation to the Commission of Inquiry for its update.

Russia's unprovoked and unjustified invasion of Ukraine violates international law and continues to infringe on the human rights of all Ukrainians.

Australia is appalled by consistent reports of systematic torture, forced disappearances, summary executions, sexual violence and the deportation of Ukrainian children.

The targeting of civilians and civilian infrastructure is a blatant disregard of international humanitarian law and violates the human rights of Ukrainian civilians. Russia maintains its relentless missile strikes against residential buildings, hospitals and schools.

Russia also continues strikes on Ukraine's critical energy infrastructure. With winter approaching, we are concerned that ongoing Russian strikes will again limit civilians' access to essential services, food, water and heating. 

Each day Russia continues this conflict is another day it prolongs human suffering.

Australia calls for Russia's immediate withdrawal from Ukraine, perpetrators to be held to account and an end to this senseless war.

High Commissioner, what can the international community do to preserve the rights of all Ukrainians against Russia's aggression?

Interactive Dialogue with the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Islamic Republic of Iran – 21 September 2026

Thank you.

The Iranian regime continues to target dissent through a brutal campaign of executions and arbitrary arrests.

Australia condemns the regime's use of the death penalty to silence political opposition. We remain gravely concerned by reports of Iran using forced confessions, torture, and other cruel, inhumane or degrading punishment.

Minority groups in Iran - including Baha'is, Kurds, and Baluchis – continue to be disproportionately affected by the regime's crackdowns. Women and girls face systematic discrimination in public and private life. Iran must uphold the human rights of all its people.

We must not forget that Iran's repression is also transnational. We call on Iran to halt the activities of its security agencies and proxies that harm, intimidate, and silence dissidents, journalists and human rights defenders abroad.

We condemn Iran's strikes on civilians and civilian infrastructure throughout the Middle East conflict. Australia calls on all parties to protect civilians and prioritise dialogue and de-escalation.

How can the international community hold Iran accountable for its escalating domestic oppression and acts of violence beyond its borders?

Item 4 General Debate – 21 September 2026

Thank you.

Australia reaffirms its steadfast support for Ukraine and calls on Russia to end its war of aggression and to fully comply with its international obligations.

We continue to unequivocally condemn Iran and Afghanistan's brutal oppression of their people, including persecution of women and girls, and targeting of minorities and activists.

In North Korea, we continue to see widespread human rights violations, aided by technological advances.

Australia remains gravely concerned about the human rights situation in Gaza. We repeat calls for the protection of civilians, including aid workers, and for unimpeded humanitarian access.

In the West Bank, we reiterate calls on Israel to take immediate action to uphold human rights, end impunity for settler violence and cease illegal settlement expansion.

The people of Myanmar continue to endure human rights abuses, escalating violence, oppression, and severe humanitarian suffering. We continue to call for the release of the thousands who remain unjustly detained.

We remain gravely concerned by ongoing human rights violations against Uyghurs and Tibetans. Consistent with international law and norms, governments should not interfere in the selection of religious leaders – including the Dalai Lama.

We are also deeply concerned by the broad application of national security legislation in Hong Kong, including to target democracy advocates extraterritorially.

Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the rights of Indigenous Peoples – 23 September 2026

Thank you,

Australia welcomes the Special Rapporteur's proposed country visit this November and, consistent with our ongoing approach, will engage constructively and transparently on challenges affecting First Nations Peoples.

We thank the Special Rapporteur for his report on the sexual and reproductive health and rights of Indigenous women and girls.

Australia recognises that First Nations women and girls experience poorer health outcomes and barriers in accessing culturally safe sexual and reproductive health care and acknowledge the ongoing impacts of historical injustices and discrimination.

Australia remains committed to improving Indigenous health outcomes and strengthening cultural safety through genuine partnership, shared decision-making, and Indigenous leadership in health policy and service delivery.

We are working to improve access to high-quality, culturally safe health care, through the National Agreement on Closing the Gap, the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Plan, support for Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services, and investments in women's health and culturally safe models of care.

What are examples of best practice for addressing barriers facing Indigenous women and girls in accessing sexual and reproductive health care?

Interactive Dialogue on the report of the Secretary-General on cooperation with the United Nations, its representatives and mechanisms in the field of human rights, delivered by Australia on behalf of CANZ – 23 September 2026

Thank you.

I deliver this statement on behalf of Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

We want to highlight 6 cases referenced in the report, while not forgetting those that go unreported and unaddressed:

• We call on Nicaragua to cease its use of transnational repression, online and offline, to silence and isolate Nicaraguans in exile.
• We are appalled by Russia's continued use of legislation against civil society and Indigenous Peoples, including Daria Egereva.
• We are deeply concerned by China's reprisals against human rights defenders (including extraterritorially), the 20-year sentence for Jimmy Lai, and guilty verdicts for former Hong Kong Alliance leaders under Hong Kong's national security legislation.
• We call on Iran to cease its intimidation and harassment of BBC News Persian staff and their families, and end reprisals against all human rights defenders.
• We are alarmed that armed soldiers in Afghanistan police the gates of UN compounds to prevent women entering.
• We are concerned by restrictions affecting UNRWA and INGOs operating in Palestine, which undermine the humanitarian response in Gaza.

Escalating use of transnational repression, including through digital technologies, is alarming. Urgent, dedicated and coordinated counter-action is needed to ensure individuals and organisations can cooperate with the UN and its mechanisms without fear of intimidation, reprisals, or self-censorship.

Annual discussion on the integration of a gender perspective throughout the work of the Human Rights Council and that of its mechanisms, delivered by Canada on behalf of CANZ – 29 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of Australia, New Zealand, and my own country, Canada.

Gender stereotypes remain a root cause of discrimination and gender-based violence. They reinforce unequal power relations and create barriers to the full, equal and meaningful participation of all women and girls in all aspects of society. Left unchallenged, these stereotypes become embedded in laws, institutions and social norms, driving structural discrimination and inequality.

Addressing structural discrimination requires more than legal protections. It demands sustained efforts to transform the social, economic, cultural, and institutional norms that perpetuate inequality.

When we better understand how laws, policies and institutions produce unequal outcomes, we can respond more effectively to discrimination. When such approaches are absent, it is women and girls who bear the greatest consequences. This is why integrating a gender perspective across the Human Rights Council's work remains essential.

We call on all States to challenge gender stereotypes and address their discriminatory impacts.

In this context, we ask the panelists: How can the Human Rights Council use a gender perspective to better identify and respond to emerging forms of discrimination and inequality, including those reinforced through digital technologies? What are some good practice examples?

Enhanced Interactive Dialogue on the OHCHR report on challenges and barriers to the full realisation of human rights of people of the Marshall Islands, stemming from the State's nuclear legacy – 1 October 2026

We thank the High Commissioner for his report which recognises the ongoing efforts to address the human rights impacts of the nuclear legacy in the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

Australia, having also experienced nuclear weapons testing, recognises the devastating human and environmental consequences. We acknowledge the impact it can have on Indigenous Peoples connecting to culture on traditional lands, and the importance of meaningful indigenous participation in the design and implementation of restorative measures.

Australia acknowledges the report's recommendation for the international community to work with regional entities, including the Pacific Islands Forum, to strengthen local capacity in the Marshall Islands and elsewhere in the Pacific, for victim assistance and environmental remediation.

Australia continues to share its technical and scientific expertise with the Republic of the Marshall Islands and other countries that have experienced nuclear weapons testing, including by supporting the development of sovereign environmental radiation monitoring capability in the Pacific.

High Commissioner, we welcome further insights on how to more effectively support local capacity to address the nuclear legacy in the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Cambodia – 2 October 2026

Australia thanks the Special Rapporteur for his first report and welcomes Cambodia's continued engagement with the Special Rapporteur and human rights mechanisms.

Australia welcomes cooperation with Cambodia to advance healthcare, gender equality, education, and LGBTQIA+ and disability rights.

As Cambodia prepares for elections, Australia encourages broad political participation and an open environment in which political parties, civil society, trade unions, human rights defenders, environmental activists and independent media can exercise their rights to freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.

We welcome Cambodia's efforts to combat transnational crime, particularly online scam operations and human trafficking, including through regional law enforcement cooperation. We encourage sustained action to dismantle criminal networks and protect victims of trafficking and exploitation.

Australia recognises the humanitarian impact of the Cambodia-Thailand border conflict and calls on both countries to uphold ceasefire arrangements, enable the safe return of displaced civilians, and resolve differences peacefully in accordance with international law.

How can Cambodia and international partners work together to enable civil society to participate fully and meaningfully, while strengthening protections for vulnerable communities in line with Cambodia's development priorities?

Joint Statements

Item 2 General Debate, Joint Statement delivered by Australia on behalf of MIKTA – 7 September 2026

Thank you, President.

I deliver this statement on behalf of MIKTA – Mexico, Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Türkiye and Australia – a diverse, cross-regional group committed to multilateralism, bridge-building, and human rights.

We congratulate the High Commissioner on his reappointment and reaffirm support for his mandate and the Office's vital technical assistance, capacity-building and cooperation, support for victims and survivors, and addressing and preventing violations of human rights globally.

Faced with global uncertainty and growing financial pressures on the United Nations, MIKTA supports ambitious, meaningful multilateral reform. Efforts should strengthen the UN human rights system's ability to respond effectively to complex and emerging human rights challenges and deliver stronger outcomes on the ground.

MIKTA countries actively contribute, through engagement in and support for the Human Rights Council, including rationalisation and efficiency measures and digital modernization. We support a stronger culture of efficiency that reduces duplication, enhances coordination and improves accessibility, while achieving the Council's mandate to promote and protect human rights for all, and prevent human rights violations.

We encourage universal UPR participation, reflecting shared responsibility to promote and protect human rights.

As the Council celebrates twenty years, we call on all States and stakeholders to work together to further improve its effectiveness, accessibility and responsiveness, and to ensure the human rights pillar is adequately and sustainably resourced, as part of an effective United Nations, recognizing that development, peace and security, and human rights are interlinked and mutually reinforcing.

Thank you.

Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Afghanistan, Joint Statement delivered by Chile on behalf of a cross-regional group of countries – 7 September 2026

Thank you Mr President.

I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of a cross-regional group of countries.

Mr President, five years ago the Taliban seized power again in Afghanistan and, as documented by the Special Rapporteur, this has led to devastating impact of Taliban policies on children, particularly girls.

We are gravely concerned that girls remain barred from education beyond sixth grade, denying millions their right to education. Reports of rising forced and child marriage are alarming, including cases where a girl's mere "silence" is deemed sufficient consent to marry. Many girls are effectively confined to their homes, unable to leave without a mahram, for fear of reprisal.

We are equally disturbed by reports of increased gender-based violence, where girls and women are killed within contexts of domestic violence, forced marriage, and family disputes, amid pervasive impunity. These compounding harms, are driving a severe mental health crisis among Afghan children, marked by fear, trauma, and hopelessness.

We call on the Taliban to guarantee children's right to education, end forced and child marriage, and ensure accountability for all violence against girls and women.

Thank you.

Item 2 General Debate: Human rights situation in Georgia, Joint Statement delivered by Lithuania on behalf of a group of countries – 8 September 2026

Mr President,

I deliver this statement on behalf of a group of countries.

We would like to draw the Council's attention to further deteriorating human rights situation in Georgia, particularly in light of legislation adopted in recent years that imposes restrictions on freedoms of expression, assembly and association and does not align with international human rights law.

Since November 2024 peaceful protesters, journalists, media workers, civil society, and political opponents have been facing threats, assaults, harassment, fines, and the freezing of their bank accounts.

We note with concern that many protesters and prominent opposition figures have been convicted and sentenced, including several in recent months. All those arbitrarily detained, must be immediately released.

We regret that despite repeated appeals from the international community, impartial investigations into allegations of excessive use of force and ill-treatment against demonstrators and detainees have not been fully carried out.

Therefore, we call on the Georgian authorities to repeal concerning legislation, conduct impartial investigation into all alleged human rights violations, ensure accountability for those responsible and engage in meaningful dialogue with civil society and the international community.

Thank you.

Item 2 General Debate: Human rights situation in Ethiopia, Joint Statement delivered by Lithuania on behalf of 41 countries – 8 September 2026

I am making this statement on behalf of a group of 41 countries. We appreciate Ethiopia's continued engagement with UN human rights mechanisms, including as a Vice-President of this Council.

We welcome the holding of the General elections on 1 June 2026, which was a considerable organisational undertaking. We commend the efforts of the National Election Board of Ethiopia (NEBE), election workers, political parties, candidates, and civil society actors for their contributions. At the same time, we hope that all constituencies that were unable to hold elections will be given the opportunity to do so.

We also welcome the conclusion of the National Dialogue Plenary on 22 August 2026, which marks a significant milestone in the country's efforts to address long-standing political, social and institutional challenges through dialogue. We underline the importance of ensuring inclusive participation, free media and an open civic space, while safeguarding the rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and association. Civil society, human rights defenders, media and journalists must be fully able to play their roles in consolidating sustainable peace and justice in the country.

We are following developments in the Tigray Regional State with great concern. A new military confrontation in Tigray would have severe consequences for a region already facing drought and significant humanitarian needs. We call for immediate de-escalation and avoidance of any actions that jeopardise the Permanent Cessation of Hostilities Agreement, signed in Pretoria in November 2022. Another devastating conflict should be avoided at any cost and differences between parties should be resolved via political dialogue. We fully support the AU-led mediation process and welcome renewed consultations by AU High Representative for the Horn of Africa, former President Obasanjo, including his recent visit to Ethiopia and his meetings in Addis Ababa and Mekelle.

We are also concerned about the ongoing developments in Oromia and in particular Amhara regions. We urge all parties to end human rights violations and abuses and fully respect international humanitarian law, including by ensuring the protection of civilians, among them humanitarian and frontline workers. Accountability must be ensured for all victims and survivors of grave human rights violations and abuses, as well as for violations of international humanitarian law, including the killing of humanitarian workers.

We look forward to the resumption of the Transitional Justice process, in line with international standards. Comprehensive, credible and victim-centred transitional justice and accountability for all violations of international humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human rights law are crucial for the victims and survivors of conflict, but also for ensuring lasting peace and reconciliation in the country.

We encourage the Government of Ethiopia to take advantage to the fullest extent of the technical assistance available in the Office of the High Commissioner (OHCHR) in the country, and call on the Office to continue to monitor the situation and report to this Council.

We also encourage the Government to implement the recommendations of the 2023 joint report of OHCHR and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC) as well the recommendations in the OHCHR's report in 2024.

Thank you.

Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery and trafficking in persons, Joint Statement delivered by Thailand on behalf of a group of countries – 11 September 2026

Mr. President,

Thailand has the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of a group of countries.

We are deeply alarmed by the evolving and industrial scale of online scams and its human rights impacts.

Recent findings by IOM and the UN indicate that at least 300,000 people from 80 countries work in scam compounds where many are subjected to confinement, trafficking for forced criminality, physical and sexual violence, torture, and other serious human rights violations.

As the High Commissioner for Human Rights underscored, "Online scams have become a disturbing new form of contemporary slavery and human trafficking3."

Scam networks are expanding recruitment and operations globally, closely linking forced labour, human trafficking, money laundering, cybercrime and other forms of transnational organised crimes, while increasingly exploiting digital technologies to extend their reach. These networks exploit corruption, gaps in the rule of law, and vulnerabilities across jurisdictions to sustain their operations and enable further expansion across borders.

Addressing the transnational nature of this crisis requires a coordinated global response, firmly rooted in human rights, while applying a victim-centered approach throughout the entire process, including screening, identification, protection, repatriation, and rehabilitation, as well as the principle of non-punishment for unlawful activities that victims were compelled to commit as a direct consequence of being trafficked.

We therefore call for enhanced cooperation among States, international organizations, civil society, financial institutions, and technology companies to promote prevention, prosecute criminal networks, combat corruption, disrupt illicit financial flows, strengthen victim protection, and ensure accountability

Thank you.

Interactive Dialogue with the Working Group on Enforced Involuntary Disappearances, Joint Statement delivered by Ukraine on behalf of 28 countries – 15 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of 27 countries and my own country, Ukraine.

We thank the Working Group for its continued efforts to address enforced disappearances and establish the fate and whereabouts of disappeared persons. International humanitarian law and international human rights law prohibit enforced disappearances and guarantee the right of families to know what has happened to their loved ones.

We draw particular attention to Ukrainian prisoners of war held by the Russian Federation. Many families face prolonged uncertainty, without reliable information about their relatives' fate, whereabouts or conditions of detention. We are particularly concerned about cases where detention is not acknowledged or information is deliberately concealed.

In the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, Russian authorities continue to arbitrarily detain civilians, many held incommunicado, while their families are denied information about their fate or whereabouts.

Ukrainian children are also among the victims of Russia's aggression. Children have been unlawfully deported or forcibly transferred, leaving families without reliable information about their fate or whereabouts.

We call upon the Working Group to give particular attention to prisoners of war, missing serviceperson, disappeared civilians, and children whose fate remains unknown.

Prisoners of war must be fully exchanged. Those unlawfully detained must be released. The fate of every missing person especially children must be established. They have names. They have families waiting for them. And they must come home.

Thank you

Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, Joint Statement delivered by Sierra Leone on behalf of the Group of Friends of the Responsibility to Protect – 16 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the Group of Friends of R2P. We thank the Special Rapporteur for his report.

This year marks two decades since the establishment of the Human Rights Council. It has become an important part of the efforts to prevent atrocity crimes and a vital contributor to accountability for the communities most affected by them.

Together, the Council's mechanisms - including Special Procedures, the Universal Periodic Review, and independent investigative mechanisms - form a continuum to document violations, preserve evidence, and lay the groundwork for justice at national and international levels. The Special Rapporteur's mandate has played a particularly vital role in how we understand accountability: not as a single moment, but as a continuous process encompassing truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence. Where cycles of impunity endure, so too does the risk of renewed atrocities.

As we mark this anniversary, we recall the commitments undertaken at the 2005 World Summit to protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity and recognise that truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence can contribute significantly to the fulfilment of those commitments.

Special Rapporteur, as the Council marks twenty years, how can it better place guarantees of non-recurrence at the heart of its efforts to prevent atrocity crimes?

I thank you.

Interactive Dialogue on the High Commissioner's analytical report on the human rights of women and children in conflict and post-conflict situations, Joint Statement delivered by Belgium on behalf of the Group of Friends on Children and Armed Conflict – 16 September 2026

Mr. President,

I deliver this statement on behalf of the Group of Friends on Children and Armed Conflict. 

We support the report's call for strengthened accountability, access to justice, reparations and prevention measures for women and children affected by armed conflict. At the same time, children are rights holders in their own right and have specific vulnerabilities and protection needs in armed conflict.

According to the Secretary-General's latest annual report on Children and Armed Conflict, 38,558 grave violations, affecting 24,174 children were verified by the United Nations. This is the highest number of children affected since the mandate was created and signals a profound disregard for international humanitarian and human rights law.

All conflict parties must immediately cease all violations against children and respect their obligations under international humanitarian law and human rights law .

Child survivors must have access to safe, accessible and child-sensitive justice mechanisms, as well as health, psychosocial and social support services. Reparations should respond to children's specific needs and support their long-term recovery and reintegration and ensure their safe and meaningful participation in decisions affecting them. Perpetrators of grave violations against children must be held accountable through prompt, independent and child-sensitive investigations.

Finally, we underline the importance of prevention, including protecting schools and hospitals, and strengthening child protection and reporting mechanisms.

Item 3 General Debate: Commemorating International Equal Pay Day, Joint Statement delivered by Iceland on behalf of a cross-regional group of countries – 18 September 2026

President,

I take the floor on behalf of a group of countries to commemorate this year's International Equal Pay Day on 18th of September.

This day is a reminder of our collective progress and, simultaneously, the systemic barriers that hold back our potential.

On this occasion, we reaffirm our commitment to the full realisation of equal pay for work of equal value. It is a part of upholding the foundational principle of non-discrimination in international human rights.

We welcome the wins along the way. The availability of gender pay gap data expands globally and the implementation of binding legislation on pay transparency produces measurable progress. Further, emerging technologies can play a positive role in the oversight and compliance with equal pay standards.

Yet, there is work to do in a world where women still earn on average 20 per cent less than men according to the International Labour Organization index.

The systemic undervaluation of women's work remains a significant driver of gender pay gaps globally.

Equal pay equals stronger labour markets, more resilient economies and greater protection of an adequate standard of living. It contributes to well-being of families, reduced poverty, and recognition of vital knowledge and skills, while helping to address the inequalities that underpin discrimination.

We call for strengthened collaboration to turn commitments on equal pay into action and to eliminate the gender pay gap – once and for all.

Thank you.

Item 3 General Debate: Terrorism and Human Rights, Joint Statement delivered by Egypt and Mexico on behalf of a cross-regional group of countries – 18 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of Egypt and Mexico, co-penholders of the Human Rights Council resolution on "Terrorism and human rights", and a cross-regional group of countries.

Our countries reiterate their unequivocal condemnation of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations and reaffirm their commitment to strengthening multilateral efforts to prevent and address its impact on human rights, while ensuring that all measures taken in this regard remain fully consistent with international law, including international human rights law and international humanitarian law, and respect the principles of legality, necessity, and proportionality, as well as equality and non-discrimination, due process and the rule of law.

Across our diverse regions and national contexts, our collective experience has demonstrated that terrorism constitutes one of the gravest threats to the enjoyment of all human rights. Its consequences for human rights are direct and profound. Terrorist acts deny the right to life and security of person, target civilians in places of worship, schools, markets and critical infrastructure, and generate consequences far beyond the immediate tragedy. They destabilize institutions, erode social cohesion, deepen polarization and reverse sustainable development gains.

Victims of terrorism and their families endure lasting physical, psychological, social and economic suffering. Ensuring their dignity, access to justice, redress and rehabilitation is not only solidarity – it is a human rights obligation.

We also stress the importance of combating intolerance, discrimination and stigmatization, related to terrorism, that undermine the enjoyment of human rights.

The Human Rights Council has an essential role in addressing the effects of terrorism on enjoyment of all human rights, and ensuring that responses to terrorism respect human rights. Effective counter-terrorism measures and the promotion and protection of human rights are not competing objectives, but complementary and mutually reinforcing.

As we mark the twentieth anniversary of the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy, its balanced and integrated implementation across all four pillars remains essential. This includes strengthening international cooperation and capacity-building to address evolving terrorist threats, including the misuse of emerging and digital technologies.

Mr. President,

Effectively addressing terrorism and its consequences requires a holistic, balanced and human rights-based approach that fully respects human rights, and addresses its root causes and far-reaching consequences. Such an approach must protect individuals and societies from the devastating human rights impact of terrorism, while ensuring that measures taken to prevent and counter it uphold human rights, fundamental freedoms, due process and the rule of law. A human rights-centered and victim-centered response, firmly anchored in international law and supported by prevention, international cooperation and efforts to address the conditions conducive to terrorism, is essential to advancing these complementary and mutually reinforcing objectives.

I thank you.

Item 3 General Debate: Vaccination and Immunisation, Joint Statement delivered by Vietnam on behalf of a group of countries – 18 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honor to speak on behalf of a group of countries.

Immunization has become a cornerstone of primary health care, universal health coverage and the achievement of SDG 3.82.

While we welcome progress in vaccine science, significant immunization gaps persist. In 2025, 13.5 million children received no vaccines3, while outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases continue to pose risks, particularly those in vulnerable situations.

In this regard, we stress the need to strengthen routine immunization systems, address vaccine inequities, and ensure timely, affordable and equitable access to vaccines, including through international cooperation, sustainable financing, technology and knowledge sharing.

To this end, we welcome the adoption of the Pandemic Agreement and the continuing negotiations on its Annex. We also look forward to the upcoming 2026 UN High-Level Meeting on Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response as an opportunity to reinforce equity, solidarity and resilience in global health.

To conclude, we reaffirm our commitment in advancing immunization, so as to promote the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, human dignity, equity and resilience.

I thank you.

Interactive Dialogue with the Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine, Joint Statement delivered by Denmark on behalf of the Group of Friends of Accountability following the Aggression against Ukraine – 21 September 2026

It is an honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the 'Group of Friends of Accountability' who closely follow Russia's continued aggression against Ukraine.

The Commission of Inquiry here today confronts us once more with objective evidence of Russia's blatant disregard for international human rights law and international humanitarian law.

We remain deeply appalled by the magnitude and gravity of the reported violations and their humanitarian consequences, including Russia's large-scale attacks on civilian energy infrastructure, leaving Ukrainians without heating, energy and water for the coming winter. Furthermore, we are alarmed by the disturbing accounts of serious violations committed against children by Russia in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. We call for the immediate and unconditional return of all transferred and deported Ukrainian children, and for their prompt reunification with their families or legal guardians.

We reiterate our unwavering commitment to supporting efforts aimed at bringing perpetrators to justice and preventing further crimes in the context of Russia's aggression against Ukraine, including the ICC investigation. In 2025, the legal foundation for the Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine and the International Claims Commission was laid. The Enlarged Partial Agreement on the Management Committee for the Special Tribunal was adopted in May 2026. We encourage all States to continue engaging with these accountability mechanisms.

We will continue to work collectively to uphold accountability and to ensure a comprehensive, just and lasting peace for Ukraine, in line with international law, including the UN Charter.

Chair, how could the international community more effectively advance accountability for international crimes and violations committed in the context of Russia's war of aggression in and against Ukraine?

Thank you.

Interactive Dialogue on the report of the High Commissioner on the situation of human rights in Nicaragua, Joint Statement delivered by Costa Rica on behalf of 46 countries – 21 September 2026

Mr. President,

I deliver this statement on behalf of a cross-regional group of 46 countries.

We thank the High Commissioner for his report.

We emphatically reject the announcement by the regime of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo that no further elections will be held in Nicaragua with the participation of dissenting voices and opposition parties. We also express grave concern about the total centralization and monopoly of State power that the ruling party exercises over Parliament, municipalities, regional councils on the Caribbean coast, and the Supreme Court of Justice, which confirms the dismantling of democratic institutions.

We reaffirm our support for free, pluralistic, and transparent elections that guarantee the Nicaraguan people their sovereign right to choose their leaders.

We reiterate our alarm at the persecution of real or perceived opponents through surveillance, harassment, deprivation of nationality, and extrajudicial executions, aimed at silencing all dissent, including outside Nicaragua's borders.

We express our dismay at the death in state custody of Miskito Indigenous leader Brooklyn Rivera, after nearly three years of incommunicado detention. This confirms the systematic persecution of Indigenous Peoples and the pattern of arbitrary detention and enforced disappearance of opposition members. His death must be promptly investigated through independent, impartial and transparent means, in line with international standards, and those responsible must be held accountable. We further call on the authorities to disclose the fate and whereabouts of family members and supporters who reportedly disappeared after seeking to recover his remains.

We regret the Nicaraguan regime's persistent refusal to cooperate with the Universal Periodic Review and its withdrawal from this Council. Based on the principles of international law, we urge Nicaragua to resume dialogue and cooperation with international and regional human rights mechanisms, allow them unrestricted access to the country, and immediately release all those arbitrarily detained.

Thank you.

Item 4 General Debate: the humanitarian and human rights situation facing seafarers in the Strait of Hormuz – 22 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of a cross-regional group of states, drawing attention to the dire humanitarian and human rights situation facing seafarers stranded in the Strait of Hormuz.

We are deeply concerned by their prolonged exposure to insecurity and difficult living conditions. Attacks by the Islamic Republic of Iran on civilian vessels have resulted in seafarer deaths and injuries, while many face uncertainty over access to food, drinking water, fuel, medicines and medical care.

Recalling Human Rights Council Resolution 56/18, we underscore that seafarers are workers who need special protection and bear no responsibility for the circumstances they currently face. Their lives, health, safety, and dignity must be protected in accordance with international Law.

We welcome efforts by all stakeholders to this end, and particularly commend the lifesaving initiatives carried out so far by some States in the Arabian Gulf through their port and maritime authorities, including search-and-rescue, vital supplies and medical assistance, administrative flexibility, and facilitation of crew changes.

We call for the protection of seafarers in the Strait of Hormuz, which remains inseparable from safe and unhindered maritime navigation in accordance with international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

I thank you

Item 5 General Debate, Joint Statement delivered by Uruguay on behalf of the Group of Friends of Special Procedures – 24 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honour to deliver this Joint Statement on behalf of 15 members of the Group of Friends of Special Procedures.

At a time of significant political and financial pressures on the human rights system, the Group reaffirms its unwavering support for a strong and effective Special Procedures system and for the ability of mandate holders to discharge their mandates fully and independently.

Their contribution extends far beyond reporting. Through country visits, communications, technical advice and engagement with States and other stakeholders, mandate holders identify emerging challenges and good practices, support legislative and policy developments, and play an important preventive role. Their engagement across the UN system also helps integrate human rights into its broader work.

We are concerned that financial constraints are already seriously impacting the fulfilment of their mission. Adequate, predictable and sustainable resourcing, including sufficient support from OHCHR, is indispensable to the effective function of the Special Procedures system.

We also remain deeply concerned by personal attacks, intimidation, threats, disinformation and other forms of pressure directed against mandate holders, which may affect their security, well-being and, in some cases, the safety of their families.

Building on the adaptability already demonstrated by Special Procedures, we encourage States, when considering further efficiency and rationalisation measures, to adopt a transparent and holistic approach, in consultation with mandate holders, the Coordination Committee and other relevant stakeholders, and taking into account the possible impacts on the broader special procedures systems, its core functions and the risk of protection gaps.

The Group of Friends remains committed to working with States, the Coordination Committee, OHCHR and other stakeholders to ensure an independent, effective and impactful Special Procedures system.

Thank you.

Item 8 General Debate: Treaty Bodies Reform, Joint Statement delivered by Switzerland on behalf of 80 countries – 30 September 2026

Mister President,

I have the honour to deliver this joint statement on behalf of a group of 80 countries.

The UN human rights treaty body system is a cornerstone of the UN human rights architecture. Today, it stands at a crossroads. The ongoing liquidity crisis has brought to light preexisting structural fragilities while political support for the system has declined over time. In 2025, 45 State party reviews did not take place and the number of reports received was at an all-time low.

As State parties, we reaffirm our commitment to an efficient and adequately funded treaty body system. At the same time, we share concerns about aspects of its current functioning. Pragmatic reform, within existing mandates, can and has to address these structural fragilities and reduce overlap without undermining treaty body independence, reopening the treaties, or weakening the protection of rights holders.

We call on the Committees to intensify their ownership of the strengthening process by accelerating harmonization of working methods, presenting pragmatic and innovative solutions to reduce the backlog of reviews, improving consistency and focus of recommendations, and operationalizing the inter-Committee advisory mechanism4.

We also call on the Office of the High Commissioner to strengthen its ownership of, and support for, this process and encourage the further development and implementation of its working paper, including through pilot projects.

We call on all Member States to support adequate, predictable and sustainable funding for the UN Human rights pillar including the treaty body system.

We look forward to continued dialogue among States, Treaty Bodies, OHCHR and civil society for a strong, universal, predictable and fit-for-purpose treaty body system to achieve greater efficiency, coherence, coordination and harmonization.

I thank you.

Item 9 General Debate: Combating Antisemitism in and through Artificial Intelligence, Joint Statement delivered by Czechia on behalf of a cross-regional group of countries – 30 September 2026

Mr. President,

I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of Austria, Slovakia and my own country, Czechia, with the support of a cross-regional group of countries.

Antisemitism, racism and all forms of discrimination and intolerance continue to threaten democracy, human rights, the rule of law and social cohesion. The rise of antisemitic incidents, online hate, Holocaust denial and distortion is deeply concerning.

Artificial intelligence offers significant opportunities for innovation and development. At the same time, it can facilitate the creation and spread of antisemitic content, hate speech, disinformation and harmful stereotypes at an unprecedented scale. Algorithmic systems can also reproduce and amplify hateful narratives and existing biases, and undermine historical truth and public trust.

We therefore stress that AI must be developed and used in line with international human rights law. Practical tools, including the IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism, can help identify and mitigate antisemitic bias.

Today:

• We reaffirm our commitment to combating antisemitism, Holocaust denial and distortion and all forms of discrimination and intolerance, including in AI-enabled digital environments.
• We call on governments, technology companies and other stakeholders to ensure effective safeguards, transparency, inclusivity, due diligence, human oversight and accountability throughout the AI lifecycle.
• Artificial intelligence must serve human dignity, equality and inclusion.

Thank you.

Item 8 General Debate: human rights situation in the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine, including the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, Ukraine, Joint Statement delivered by Ukraine on behalf of a group of countries – 30 September 2026

Mr. President,

This statement is delivered on behalf of a group of states.

We recall the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, which reaffirms the need for effective international measures to protect the human rights of people under occupation. These principles were reiterated at the Sixth Summit of the International Crimea Platform on 23 September.

We reaffirm our unwavering commitment to Ukraine's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity within its internationally recognized borders and our policy of non-recognition of Russia's attempted illegal annexation of Ukrainian territories.

Occupation cannot create sovereignty, and no territorial acquisition resulting from the threat or use of force shall be recognized as legal.

We strongly condemn Russia's recent so-called State Duma "elections" conducted in the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine. They are null and void and cannot alter the status of these territories under international law.

We remain deeply concerned by the persistent human rights violations and violations of international humanitarian law documented by the UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine.

We condemn the continuing pattern of these violations, including unlawful detention, torture, enforced disappearances, politically motivated persecution and systematic attempts to erase Ukrainian identity through forced Russification, citizenship, education and indoctrination.

We condemn the deportation and forcible transfer, illegal adoption, indoctrination and militarization of Ukrainian children and call for their immediate, safe and unconditional return.

We reaffirm the urgent need to protect Ukrainians, the Crimean Tatar people and other Indigenous Peoples of Ukraine and their cultural, linguistic and religious heritage.

The international community must not allow occupation, repression and forced assimilation to become normalized.

We demand that Russia cease its aggression and withdraw all its troops and occupation administrations from Ukraine. Restoring Ukraine's territorial integrity is essential for protecting human rights and upholding the UN Charter.

I thank you.

Item 8 General Debate: Condemning the continued and escalating use of the death penalty in Iran, Joint Statement delivered by Liechtenstein on behalf of over 40 states – 30 September 2026

Thank you, Mister President,

I deliver this statement on behalf of over 40 States who strongly condemn the continued and escalating use of the death penalty in Iran.

Recent statements by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, the Special Rapporteur on Iran and the findings of the Independent, International Fact-Finding Mission on Iran have highlighted a sharp rise in executions and death sentences, particularly in cases linked to protests and the exercise of fundamental freedoms.

At least thirty-one protestors have been executed following January's brutal crackdown by security forces with dozens of protesters sentenced to death and at imminent risk of execution, including women and children. The use of public execution is particularly alarming. We note the findings of UN experts that the death penalty is being used to instill fear, suppress dissent and deter peaceful expression and assembly.

We are also concerned by reports that individuals have been sentenced to death following proceedings that appear to fall far short of international fair trial standards, including allegations of closed hearings, denial of due process guarantees, torture and ill-treatment, enforced disappearances, and coerced confessions.

No one should face the fear of execution for exercising their rights or seeking to make their voice heard. Iran must immediately halt its abhorrent use of the death penalty.

Thank you, Mr. President.

Universal decriminalisation of consensual same-sex conduct, Joint Statement delivered but France on behalf of 52 states – 7 October 2026

Mr. President,

Excellencies,

Ladies and gentlemen,

Human rights belong to everyone. No one should be arrested, punished, or imprisoned because of consensual same-sex conduct.

The universal decriminalization of consensual same-sex conduct is an imperative of equality, freedom and dignity. The obligation to protect the rights and freedoms of every person without any distinction nor discrimination of any kind is firmly anchored in the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention against Torture, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and other relevant international or regional instruments.

Where they remain in force, laws criminalizing consensual same-sex conduct expose individuals to prison sentences, fines, forced labor, corporal punishment, and even, in a number of countries, the death penalty. They fuel fear, stigma, and discrimination. They increase the risk of violence, particularly sexual violence, arbitrary arrests and detentions, enforced disappearances, torture, and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment.

We welcome the progress made by many States that have reformed their legislation to decriminalize, bringing the total to two thirds of UN member States that do not criminalize consensual same-sex conduct. This shows that change is possible through each country's own legal paths, supported by dialogue, cooperation, and clear political will. We recognise the important role played by local human rights defenders in facilitating change, and emphasize that engagement with civil society organisations has been important in ensuring that the views and needs of those impacted by criminalization are fully considered.

Today, we call upon all States that still maintain laws criminalizing consensual same-sex conduct to review them without delay with a view to their repeal, in accordance with their legal processes and international human rights obligations and standards. There is an urgent need to clearly recognize that the criminalization of consensual same-sex conduct is incompatible with the fundamental principles of international human rights law.

Achieving universal decriminalization does not require societies to subscribe to a uniform cultural model. This is about ensuring that criminal law is never used to legitimize discrimination, marginalization, violence, or humiliation, and that no person lives in fear of being arrested because of consensual same-sex conduct.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Universal decriminalization is a necessary step to make this a reality for everyone.

Thank you.